Evaluation of cognitive learning, memory, psychomotor, immunologic, and retinal functions in healthy puppies fed foods fortified with docosahexaenoic acid-rich fish oil from 8 to 52 weeks of age.
Dietary fortification with fish oils rich in DHA and possibly other nutrients implicated in neurocognitive development following weaning improved cognitive, memory, psychomotor, immunologic, and retinal functions in growing dogs.
Omega-3 Plus
魚油加餐
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , Vol.241(5), p.583-594
Multicenter Veterinary Practice Assessment of the Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Osteoarthritis in Dogs
獸醫評估 Omega-3 脂肪酸對狗骨關節炎的影響
Ingestion of the test food raised blood concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids and appeared to improve the arthritic condition in pet dogs with osteoarthritis.
進食測試食物會提高血液中 Omega-3 脂肪酸，並似乎可以改善患有骨關節炎狗隻的關節炎狀況。
JAVMA; 2010; Vol 236, No. 1.
The role of dietary omega-3 and omega-6 essential fatty acids in the nutrition of dogs and cats: a review
膳食 Omega-3 和 Omega-6 必需脂肪酸在貓狗營養中的角色：評論
The use of fatty acid supplements has proved to be beneficial in the treatment of several pathogenic conditions, such as chronic inflammatory diseases, atopy, chronic renal insufficiency, and some types of cancer. Therefore, particular attention should be paid to the type and quantity of fat sources that are used when diets for dogs and cats are formulated, in order to assure the optimal amount and balance of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the food.
脂肪酸補充劑的使用已被證明有利於治療多種病原性疾病，例如：慢性發炎性疾病、皮膚炎、慢性腎功能不全和某些類型的癌症。因此，在製定狗和貓的飲食時，應特別注意脂肪來源的類型和數量，以確保食物中的 Omega-3 和 Omega-6 脂肪酸達到最佳含量及均衡比例。
Progress in Nutrition; 2004; VOL. 6, N. 2, 000-000.
Association of Body Weight and Body Condition with Survival in Dogs with Heart Failure
體重和身體狀況與心臟衰竭犬隻存活率的關係
These results suggest that changes in body weight might be an important consideration in the survival of dogs with heart failure
結果表明，體重變化可能是心臟衰竭犬隻存活的重要考慮因素。
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine; 2008; Vol. 22, Iss. 3, pp 561-563
Nutritional Alterations and the Effect of Fish Oil Supplementation in Dogs with Heart Failure
營養改變和補充魚油對心臟衰竭犬隻的影響
The purposes of this study were to characterize nutritional and cytokine alterations in dogs with heart failure and to test the ability of fish oil to reduce cytokines and improve clinical outcome.
本研究目的旨在描述心臟衰竭犬隻的營養和細胞激素變化，並測試魚油對減少細胞激素及改善臨床結果的能力。
J Vet Intern Med Nov-Dec 1998;12(6):440-8.
Omega‐3 Fatty Acids in Boxer Dogs with Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
患有心律失常性右心室心肌病變（ARVC）的拳師犬使用 Omega-3 脂肪酸
These data suggest that fish oil, but not flax oil, supplementation for 6 weeks reduces arrhythmia in Boxers with ARVC and that it could be useful in treating this common disease. Further studies are needed to determine optimal dose and duration of treatment.
數據表明，用六星期補充魚油而非亞麻油可減少患有 ARVC 拳師犬的心律失常，並且可能有助於治療這種常見疾病。需要進一步的研究來確定最佳劑量和療程時間。
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine; 2007; 21:265–273.
Double‐blinded Crossover Study with Marine Oil Supplementation Containing High‐dose icosapentaenoic Acid for the Treatment of Canine Pruritic Skin Disease
雙盲交叉研究：使用含有高劑量 EPA 的海洋油類補充劑治療犬隻皮膚搔癢症
From this study it is evident that high-dose marine oil supplementation is an effective and apparently safe alternative to glucocorticoids for short-term relief of the symptoms of canine allergic skin disease.
這項研究明顯指出，高劑量海洋油補充劑是一種有效而且安全的葡萄糖皮質素代替品，可用於短期舒緩犬隻過敏皮膚病症狀。
Veterinary Dermatology; 1994; Vol. 5, Iss. 3, pp 99-104.
A blinded, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy of borage seed oil and fish oil in the management of canine atopy
雙盲、安慰劑對照研究：琉璃苣油與魚油用於治療犬隻皮膚病的功效
This study has demonstrated that the high concentration of gamma-linolenic acid in borage seed oil, in combination with fish oil, does appear to possess an anti-inflammatory action.
這項研究表明，琉璃苣油中高濃度的 γ-次亞麻油酸（GLA）與魚油結合使用，似乎具有抗炎作用。
Veterinary Record; 1999; 144, 405-407
Comparison of therapeutic effects of omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid and fluoxetine, separately and in combination, in major depressive disorder
Omega-3 EPA 與 Fluoxetine 用於治療重度抑鬱症的單獨及聯合使用之療效比較
Fatty acids have also been found to influence the same pathways that anti-anxiety medications do, most notably fluoxetine, a commonly prescribed treatment for anxiety disorders in dogs.
脂肪酸被發現可影響與抗焦慮藥物相同的路徑，最值得注意的是 Fluoxetine，它是治療狗焦慮症常用的處方藥。
Aust N Z J Psychiatry; 2008; 42(3): 192-198.
醫學文獻參考
Probiotics in prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhoea: meta-analysis
益生菌預防抗生素相關腹瀉：整合分析
The meta-analysis suggests that probiotics can be used to prevent antibiotic associated diarrhoea and that S boulardii and lactobacilli have the potential to be used in this situation.
整合分析提到，益生菌可用作預防抗生素相關腹瀉，而布拉酵母菌及乳酸桿菌亦可用於此情況。
Synbiotic Boost
V力多
10.1136/bmj.324.7350.1361 on 8 June 2002
Supplementation of diets with bovine colostrum influences immune function in dogs
在狗隻飲食中補充牛初乳可影響免疫功能
Diets supplemented with Bovine Colostrum significantly influence immune response in dogs.
在飲食中加入牛初乳對狗隻免疫反應的影響十分顯著。
British Journal of Nutrition (2013), 110, 2216–2221
Probiotics: Healthy From The Inside Out
益生菌：健康由內到外
The beneficial (“good”) bacteria contribute directly to the maintenance or restoration of health through multiple mechanisms, including the stimulation of the immune system, the processing of nutrients, and the production of vitamins and fatty acids that support normal intestinal function.
益菌透過多重機制包括刺激免疫系統、處理營養素、產生支援正常腸道功能的維他命及脂肪酸，對維持或恢復健康具有直接貢獻。
Nancy Loes, DVM MBA
Understanding the canine intestinal microbiota and its modification by pro-, pre- and synbiotics – what is the evidence?
透過益生菌、益生元及合生元了解犬科腸道微菌叢及其變異 - 證據是什麼？
This review summarises the current knowledge of the intestinal microbiome composition in the dog and evaluates the evidence for probiotic use in canine GI diseases to date.
此評論總結了對狗隻腸道菌群結構的現有知識，以及評估迄今為止益生菌用於犬科腸胃疾病的證據。
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.17 (2016)
Efficacy Of Saccharomyces Boulardii As A Probiotic In Dogs With Lincomycin Induced Diarrhoea
布拉酵母菌作為益生菌對犬隻患有林可黴素誘發腹瀉的療效
S. boulardii was effective in treating lincomycin induced diarrhoea and to prevent the occurrence of diarrhoea when given together with lincomycin.
布拉酵母菌與林可黴素合用，可有效治療林可黴素誘發的腹瀉及預防出現腹瀉情況。
Bull Vet Inst Pulawy 51, 365-369, 2007
Effects of probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus strain DSM13241 in healthy adult dogs
益生菌嗜酸乳桿菌菌株 DSM13241對成年犬隻的影響
Probiotic was able to survive passage through the canine intestinal tract, leading to enrichment of the colonic microflora and local and systemic effects.
益生菌能夠在犬隻腸道內通過並存活，使結腸微菌叢豐富，強化局部性及全身性效應。
AJVR, Vol 65, No. 3, March 2004
Oral Administration of β-1,3/1,6-Glucan to Dogs Temporally Changes Total and Antigen-Specific IgA and IgM
口服β-1,3/1,6-Glucan短暫改變犬隻總體和抗原特異性IgA和IgM
This study is the first to evaluate the adjuvant effect of orally administered β-1,3/1,6-glucans in healthy dogs on the total IgM, IgA, and IgG concentrations in serum; the IgA concentrations in tears and saliva; and the isotype-specific antibody response against Bordetella. There seems to be a temporary decrease in the switch from IgM toward IgA due to oral MacroGard supplementation in dogs, so that serum and mucosal IgA levels decrease. The same effect on a systemically induced serum antibody response against a Bordetella vaccine was seen.
此研究首次評估了健康犬隻口服β-1,3/1,6-Glucan對血清中總體IgM、IgA和IgG濃度的佐劑作用、眼淚和唾液中IgA濃度及針對博德氏菌的同種型特異性抗體反應。犬隻服用MacroGard補充劑，從IgM向IgA的轉變似乎出現短暫減少，血清和黏膜IgA水平因此降低。相同效果亦出現於針對博德氏菌疫苗的全身性誘導血清抗體反應。
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, Feb. 2010, p. 281–285
Oat beta-glucan as a dietary supplement for dogs
燕麥β-葡聚醣作為犬隻膳食補充品
It is concluded that oat beta-glucan extract can be used as a dietary supplement for dogs at a dose of 10 g/kg of food, being effective in reducing blood concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL-c and VLDL-c as well as CTTAD of nutrients. These results demonstrate the potential of using this type of beta-glucan in the diet of obese animals. In addition, by reducing the predominance of a Th2 response, oat beta-glucan can positively modulate the vaccine response of animals.
所得結論是，燕麥β-葡聚醣萃取物可以用作犬隻膳食補充品，劑量為每10kg食物使用10g，可有效降低總膽固醇在血液中的濃度、LDL-c、VLDL-c以及CTTAD的營養素，這些結果證明在肥胖動物中可以使用此類β-葡聚醣的潛力。此外，透過降低Th2細胞反應的主導性，燕麥β-葡聚醣可以正面調整動物的疫苗反應。
PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201133 July 31, 2018
Vitamin C Protects Chondrocytes against Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis by Multiple Pathways
維他命C透過多種路徑保護軟骨細胞對抗碘醋酸鈉誘發的骨關節炎
Vitamin C possessed multiple capacities for prevention of OA progress.
維他命C具有多種預防骨關節炎惡化的能力。
Joint Guard
三合一關節盾
Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 38; doi:10.3390/ijms18010038
Influence of Piperine on the Pharmacokinetics of Curcumin in Animals and Humans
胡椒鹼對薑黃素在動物和人體內藥物動力學的影響
VetPerine® enhances the oral bioavailability of curcumin in both animals and humans.
VetPerine® 專利胡椒鹼提高了薑黃素在動物和人類中的生物利用度。
Planta Med. 1998; 64(4):353-6
Therapeutic Roles of Curcumin: Lessons learned from Clinical Trials
Curcumin has shown therapeutic potential against a number of diseases, including Arthritis
The AAPS Journal, Vol. 15, No. 1, January 2013 (# 2012)
Rosehip - An Evidence based herbal medicine
玫瑰果 - 一種實證草藥
Treatment with standardised rosehip powder consistently reduced pain scores.
用標準化玫瑰果粉作治療可持續降低疼痛程度。
Australian Family Physician Vol. 41, No. 7, july 2012
Does the hip powder of Rosa canina (rosehip) reduce pain in osteoarthritis patients?
犬薔薇粉（玫瑰果）能減輕骨關節炎患者的疼痛感嗎？
Treatment with standardised rosehip powder consistently reduced pain scores.
結果顯示，玫瑰果可以減輕痛楚。
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage (2008) 16, 965e972
Curcumin-attenuated trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid induces chronic colitis by inhibiting expression of cyclooxygenase-2.
被薑黃素減弱的三硝基苯磺酸通過抑制COX-2誘發慢性結腸炎
Curcumin has therapeutic effects on TNBS acid-induced colitis, the mechanisms seem to be related to COX-2 inhibition and PGE2 improvement.
薑黃素對TNBS誘發的結腸炎有治療作用，其機制似乎與抑制COX-2和改善PGE2有關。
World J Gastroenterol 2006 June 28; 12(24): 3848-3853
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Resveratrol, Curcumin and Simvastatin in Acute Small Intestinal Inflammation
白藜蘆醇、薑黃素和辛伐他汀對急性小腸炎的抗炎作用
Curcuminoids ameliorated acute inflammation of theP ileum by; increasing the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, downregulating Th1-type immune responses
類薑黃素透過以下方式改善迴腸急性發炎：增加抗炎細胞因子IL-10的水平及下調Th1細胞免疫反應。
PLoS One 2010;5:e15099
Dietary Methyl Donor Depletion Protects Against Intestinal Tumorigenesis in ApcMin/+ Mice
減少膳食甲基供體可防止ApcMin/+小鼠出現腸道腫瘤
Curcuminoids reduced expression inflammatory mediators such as CCL2, 1L-1β, 1L-6, and TNF-α, in the intestinal tissue of a mouse tumour model
薑黃素降低了小鼠腸組織腫瘤模型中發炎因子如 CCL2、1L-1β、1L-6 和 TNF-α的出現。
J Interferon Cytokine Res 2011;31:219-26
Effects of Edible Treats Containing Ascophyllum nodosum on the Oral Health of Dogs: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Single-Center Study
含有 Ascophyllum Nodosum 褐藻的零食對狗隻口腔健康的影響：一項雙盲、隨機、安慰劑對照的單中心研究
A 90-day supplementation of dogs with kibbles containing A. nodosum seaweed resulted in significant improvements in several dental health indices and was beneficial for the prevention of plaque and calculus formation after a prophylactic dental procedure.
狗隻九十天持續進食含有 Ascophyllum Nodosum 褐藻的乾糧，可顯著改善多項牙齒健康指數，並有利於牙科手術後預防牙菌斑和牙垢形成。
Kelp Seaweed
極地褐藻
Front. Vet. Sci., 27 July 2018
Effects of an Ascophyllum nodosum formulation on oral health index in dogs and cats.
Ascophyllum Nodosum 褐藻產品對貓狗口腔健康指數的影響
A 6-week observation showed significant improvement of the oral health in dogs and cats of taking an A. nodosum product, in which, it was found administration of A. nodosum in dogs and cats reduced the rate of oral health index deterioration, as measured quantitatively with dental plaque and tartar.
一項為期六週的觀察顯示，貓狗服用 Ascophyllum Nodosum 褐藻產品後口腔健康有明顯改善。當中發現，貓狗的口腔健康指數惡化速度如牙菌斑和牙垢數量可降低。
Weterynaria W Praktyce (Veterinary in Practice) 10.
Synopsis of biological data on knobbed wrack Ascophyllum nodosum
Ascophyllum Nodosum 褐藻生物學數據概要
A. nodosum contains polysaccharides (e.g. ascophyllan, fucoidan & laminarin), amino acids, proteins, phenols, and an unique combination of vitamins and trace elements/minerals including vitamins B1, B2, B3, B12, C, E, K, biotin, carotene, folic acid, calcium, copper, iodine, iron, magnesium, zinc, etc
Ascophyllum Nodosum 褐藻含有多醣（例如：葉藻醣膠、褐藻醣膠、海帶多醣）、胺基酸、蛋白質、酚類，以及獨特維他命和微量元素/礦物質組合包括：維他命B1、B2、B3、B12、C、E、K、生物素、胡蘿蔔素、葉酸、鈣、銅、碘、鐵、鎂、鋅等。
Baardseth E (1970)/ Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Laminarin from Irish Brown Seaweeds Ascophyllum nodosum and Laminaria hyperborea: Ultrasound Assisted Extraction, Characterization and Bioactivity
來自愛爾蘭褐藻和極北海帶的海帶多醣：超聲波輔助萃取、特質與生物活性
Ascophyllum nodosum and its natural compounds such as phenols and polysaccharides (e.g. ascophyllan, fucoidan & laminarin) have been found with antibacterial properties
已發現 Ascophyllum Nodosum 褐藻及其天然化合物如酚類和多醣（例如：葉藻醣膠、褐藻醣膠、海帶多醣）具有抗菌特性。
Mar. Drugs 2015, 13, 4270-4280
Ascophyllan purified from Ascophyllum nodosum induces Th1 and Tc1 immune responses by promoting dendritic cell maturation.
從 Ascophyllum Nodosum 褐藻中純化出的葉藻醣膠通過促進樹突狀細胞成熟來誘導 Th1 和 Tc1 免疫反應
Ascophyllum nodosum have been found with anti-inflammatory properties
Ascophyllum Nodosum 褐藻已被發現具有抗炎特性。
Mar. Drugs 2014, 12, 4148-4164
Effects of ID-alG™ on weight management and body fat mass in high-fat-fed rats
ID-alG™對高脂餵養老鼠的體重和體脂量的影響
Research was conducted using ID-aIG, when rats were fed ID-aIG (400mg/kg) for almost 9 weeks, in conjunction to a fat diet (high intensity), results showed that weight loss had occurred amongst the rats
使用 ID-aIG 進行研究，當老鼠同時餵食 ID-aIG（400mg/kg）及脂肪飲食（高強度）近九星期時，結果顯示體重出現減輕。
Phytother Res. 2012 May;26(5):727-33.
Effects of seaweed supplementation on blood glucose concentration, lipid profile, and antioxidant enzyme activities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
二型糖尿病患者補充海藻後對血糖濃度、血脂、抗氧化酵素活動的影響
People with high sugar levels may also benefit from kelp. In a study conducted on 23 subjects, brown seaweed kelp ascophyllum nodosum (500mg) was given to the participants 30 minutes before the consumption of carbohydrate product, such as bread. It was noted that there was a decrease of 12.1 percent of insulin, while an increase of 7.9 percent in cederholm index was also recorded.
高血糖人士也有可能受益於海藻。在二十三名受試者所進行的一項研究中，食用碳水化合物產品（如麵包）前三十分鐘，參與者先服用了褐藻（500mg）。結果顯示，胰島素降低了12.1%，而胰島素敏感指數增加了7.9%。
Nutrition Research and Practice (2008), 2(2), 62-67
Acute Post-Prandial Cognitive Effects of Brown Seaweed Extract in Humans
褐海藻提取物對人類餐後急性認知的效用
After a large carbohydrate-heavy lunch, half of the volunteers were given the supplement and the other half were given a placebo. Compared with their results on a pre-lunch cognitive test, the group receiving the supplement performed better at the cognitive tasks than the placebo group.
These findings are likely explained by the fact that components in brown seaweeds inhibit the key enzymes involved in the breakdown and absorption of carbohydrates, allowing for the steady blood sugar levels that allow the brain to function consistently well. Researchers call for future research to examine the effects on cognition in parallel with blood glucose and insulin responses.
在進食一頓含豐富碳水化合物的午餐後，半數志願者服用補充劑，另一半服用安慰劑。與他們在午餐前進行的認知測試結果相比，接受補充劑的組別在認知任務上的表現勝過安慰劑組。這些結果的出現，很可能是因為褐海藻裡的成分抑制了參與碳水化合物分解和吸收的主要酵素，從而使血糖水平保持穩定，令大腦持續運作良好。
Nutrients 2018, 10(1), 85
Silver-Zeolite Combined to Polyphenol-Rich Extracts of Ascophyllum nodosum: Potential Active Role in Prevention of Periodontal Diseases
銀沸石結合富含多酚的 Ascophyllum Nodosum 褐藻提取物：在預防牙周病中的潛在作用
The purpose of this study was to evaluate various biological effects of silver-zeolite and a polyphenol-rich extract of A. nodosum (ASCOP) to prevent and/or treat biofilm-related oral diseases
本研究目的是評估銀沸石和富含多酚的 Ascophyllum Nodosum 褐藻提取物，在預防和/或治療生物膜相關口腔疾病的不同生物效應。
PLOS ONE; October 2014, Vol 9, Issue 10